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The Identification of Mono‐, Di‐, Tri‐, and Tetragalactosyl‐diacylglycerols and their Natural Estolides in Oat Kernels
Author(s) -
Moreau Robert A.,
Doehlert Douglas C.,
Welti Ruth,
Isaac Giorgis,
Roth Mary,
Tamura Pamela,
Nuñez Alberto
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-008-3181-6
Subject(s) - lipidology , identification (biology) , chemistry , clinical chemistry , chromatography , biochemistry , biology , botany
Oat kernels were extracted with methanol, and glycolipid‐enriched fractions were prepared using silica solid phase extraction. Using direct infusion electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐ESI‐MS, and HPLC‐atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI)‐MS, we confirmed previous reports that digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) was the most abundant glycolipid in oat kernels and confirmed a previous report of the presence of a DGDG mono‐estolide in oat kernels. In the current study we also identified several additional natural galactolipid estolides: two new DGDG estolides (di‐ and tri‐estolides), two trigalactosyldiacylglycerol (TriGDG) estolides (mono‐ and di‐estolides), and one tetragalactosyldiacylglycerol (TetraGDG) estolide (mono‐estolide). The levels of total galactolipid estolides in oat kernels were estimated to be about 29% of the total glycolipid fraction. To our knowledge, this report is the first evidence of natural di‐ and tri‐estolides of polar lipids.