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Consumption of c 9, t 11–18:2 or t 10, c 12–18:2 Enriched Dietary Supplements Does Not Influence Milk Macronutrients in Healthy, Lactating Women
Author(s) -
Hasin Afroza,
Griinari J. Mikko,
Williams Janet E.,
Shahin Alam M.,
McGuire Mark A.,
McGuire Michelle K.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/s11745-007-3086-9
Subject(s) - conjugated linoleic acid , latin square , breast milk , zoology , placebo , crossover study , clinical chemistry , chemistry , medicine , food science , linoleic acid , biology , fatty acid , biochemistry , rumen , alternative medicine , pathology , fermentation
Substantial research suggests that the t 10, c 12–18:2, but not the c 9, t 11–18:2, isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces milk fat synthesis in lactating bovine and rodent species. Because fat is the major energy‐yielding component in human milk, we were interested in whether this is true for women as well. Thus, the effects of c 9, t 11–18:2 and t 10, c 12–18:2 on milk fat were examined in breast‐feeding women ( n = 12) in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover study with latin‐square design. The study was divided into six periods: baseline (3 days), three intervention periods (5 days each), and two washout periods (9 days each). During each intervention period, women consumed 750 mg/day of a supplement containing predominantly c 9, t 11–18:2, t 10, c 12–18:2, or 18:1 (olive oil placebo). Milk was collected by complete breast expression on the final day of each period. Infant milk consumption was estimated by 24 h weighing on the penultimate day of each intervention and washout period, and maternal adiposity (% body fat) was determined at baseline using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Milk c 9, t 11–18:2 and t 10, c 12–18:2 concentrations were greater ( P < 0.05) during the corresponding CLA treatment periods as compared to the placebo period, providing strong evidence of subject compliance. Both CLA isomers were transferred into milk fat at relatively high efficiency; average transfer efficiency was estimated to be 23.3%. Compared to the placebo treatment, milk fat content was not reduced during either CLA treatment. Data indicate that body fatness did not modify any putative effect of isomeric CLA consumption on milk fat concentration. The evidence from this study suggests that the sensitivity of lactating women's mammary tissue to an anti‐lipogenic effect of the t 10, c 12–18:2 isoform of CLA may be less than previously hypothesized.