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Synthesis of Anionic Surfactant and Their Application in Washing of Oil‐Contaminated Soil
Author(s) -
Gracida Jorge,
OrtegaOrtega Josue,
Torres B Luis G.,
RomeroAvila Margarita,
Abreu Arturo
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-017-1926-z
Subject(s) - pulmonary surfactant , chemistry , surface tension , soil contamination , nuclear chemistry , yield (engineering) , contamination , salt (chemistry) , proton nmr , nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy , organic chemistry , metallurgy , ecology , biochemistry , physics , materials science , quantum mechanics , biology
In this study, we report the synthesis of an anionic surfactant 5‐(3,4,5‐tris(hexyloxy)benzyloxy)isophthalic acid disodium salt (AS‐5) and its application to wash off a contaminated soil with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). The synthesis of the anionic surfactant was achieved in five steps with a 56% overall yield. AS‐5 was characterized by 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while its precursor was characterized by 1 H and 13 C NMR. Some surfactant properties such as surface tension (ST), critical miceilar concentration (CMC) and E24 test were determined. AS‐5 showed a significant capability to decrease the water surface tension, the minimum value of the surface tension obtained was 25.9 mN/m while the CMC value was 54.6 mg/L (8.87 × 10 −3 mM). The capability of AS‐5 to remove TPH from a contaminated soil with concentrations higher than 24 000 mg TPH/kg soil was demonstrated and the percentage removed ranged from 52 to 76% as determined at different concentrations of AS‐5.