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Synergism and Performance for Systems Containing Binary Mixtures of Anionic/Cationic Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Author(s) -
Li Yingcheng,
Puerto Maura,
Bao Xinning,
Zhang Weidong,
Jin Jun,
Su Zhiqing,
Shen Shaochun,
Hirasaki George,
Miller Clarence
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-016-1892-x
Subject(s) - cationic polymerization , pulmonary surfactant , chemistry , microemulsion , surface tension , carboxylate , critical micelle concentration , enhanced oil recovery , alkyl , chemical engineering , ammonium chloride , organic chemistry , micelle , aqueous solution , thermodynamics , biochemistry , physics , engineering
Abstract The surfactant structure–performance relationship and application properties in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) for binary mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants are presented and discussed. A polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate anionic surfactant was blended with a quaternary ammonium chloride cationic surfactant and tested for a high‐temperature, low‐salinity, and high‐hardness condition as found in an oil reservoir. These mixtures were tailored by phase behavior tests to form optimal microemulsions with normal octane (n‐C8) and crude oil having an API gravity of 48.05°. The ethoxy number of the polyoxyethylene carboxylate anionic surfactant and the chain length of the cationic surfactant were tuned to find an optimal surfactant blend. Interfacial tensions with n‐C8 and with crude oil were measured. Synergism between anionic and cationic surfactants was indicated by surface tension measurement, CMC determination, calculation of surface excess concentrations and area per molecule of individual surfactants and their mixtures. Molecular interactions of anionic and cationic surfactants in mixed monolayers and aggregates were calculated by using regular solution theory to find molecular interaction parameters β σ and β M . Morphologies of surfactant solutions were studied by cryogenic TEM. The use of binary mixtures of anionic/cationic surfactants significantly broadens the scope of application for conventional chemical EOR methods.