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Retracted : Gemini Cationic Surfactants: Synthesis and Influence of Chemical Structure on the Surface Activity
Author(s) -
Negm Nabel A.,
ElHashash Maher A.,
Mohamed Dalia E.,
Marquis John M.,
Khowdiary Manal M.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-013-1478-9
Subject(s) - chemistry , surface tension , cationic polymerization , adsorption , gibbs isotherm , pulmonary surfactant , chemical engineering , polymer chemistry , thermodynamics , engineering , biochemistry , physics
Three cationic gemini surfactants were synthesized and characterized using different methods. Their surface activities were measured using surface and interfacial tension measurements. The effect of the spacer chain length on the surface activity, emulsification power and interfacial tension was studied. The thermodynamic parameters showed the tendency towards micellization and adsorption. The results showed that longer spacers increased the micellization tendencies of the surfactants, while shorter spacers increased the adsorption tendency at the air–water interface.