Premium
Synthesis, Characterization and Conductivity of Quaternary Nitrogen Surfactants Modified by the Addition of a Hydroxymethyl Substructure on the Head Group
Author(s) -
Jordan Deborah,
Tan Eng,
Hegh Dylan
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-012-1360-1
Subject(s) - chemistry , hydroxymethyl , pyridinium , ammonium , dissociation (chemistry) , alkyl , nitrogen , inorganic chemistry , molar conductivity , conductivity , polymer chemistry , organic chemistry , elemental analysis
Two novel series of hydroxymethyl group‐appended quaternary nitrogen surfactants (QNSs) based on the aliphatic N ‐alkyl‐trimethylammonium and aromatic N ‐alkylpyridinium head groups were synthesized from the appropriate nitrogen head group precursor and 1‐bromoalkane. The QNSs were characterized using 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy, and their purity confirmed using elemental analysis. The solution behavior of the QNSs was investigated by conductivity, assessing both the aggregation concentration as well as the amount of counter‐ion dissociation. The results showed a general decrease in the aggregation concentration for the compounds with the hydroxymethyl addition, where the pyridinium compounds were more affected than the ammonium QNSs. In contrast, the extent of counter‐ion dissociation (α) from the aggregate was slightly increased for the ammonium compounds but that of the pyridinium compounds was not generally affected by the structural modification.