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Engkabang Fat Esters for Cosmeceutical Formulation
Author(s) -
Abd Gani Siti Salwa,
Basri Mahiran,
Abdul Rahman Mohd Basyaruddin,
Kassim Anuar,
Raja Abd Rahman Raja Noor Zaliha,
Salleh Abu Bakar,
Ismail Zahariah
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-010-1233-4
Subject(s) - chemistry , pulmonary surfactant , phase (matter) , sorbitan , chromatography , phase diagram , ternary operation , organic chemistry , isotropy , chemical engineering , fatty acid ester , fatty acid , biochemistry , physics , quantum mechanics , computer science , engineering , programming language
Engkabang fat esters were synthesized from engkabang fat using an enzyme as catalyst. The main composition of the fat esters were oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate and oleyl oleate. The percentage yield was 93.67%. Ternary phase diagrams systems containing fat esters/surfactant/water were constructed. Several regions appeared in the ternary phase diagrams such as isotropic, homogenous, liquid crystal, two‐phase and three‐phase regions. Increasing the hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance value of the used surfactants gave a larger homogenous and isotropic region in ternary phase diagrams of engkabang fat esters/nonionic surfactant/deionized water. Isotropic and homogenous regions in the ternary phase diagram of engkabang fat esters: PEG‐40 hydrogenated castor oil (2:1)/polyoxyethylene(20) sorbitan tri‐oleate/deionized water, was the largest when compared to the other ternary phase diagrams. The isotropic and homogenous region can be used as a medium in formulation of cosmetics and pharmaceutical products such as creams, lotions, balms and lipsticks.