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Synthesis and Properties of Dissymmetric Gemini Surfactants
Author(s) -
Xu Qun,
Wang Liyan,
Xing Fenglan
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-010-1207-6
Subject(s) - chemistry , surface tension , cationic polymerization , adsorption , critical micelle concentration , alkyl , wetting , micelle , pulmonary surfactant , chemical engineering , polymer chemistry , aqueous solution , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , biochemistry , physics , engineering
A series of novel dissymmetric gemini cationics surfactants was synthesized by three‐step reactions. The dissymmetric gemini surfactants contain a dodecanoic acid dimethylethylamine ester as the constant cationic part on one side of the hydroxypropyl center and a similar other cationic part, but with a different acid length (from octanoic to palmitic), on the other side. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the effectiveness of surface tension reduction ( γ CMC ) were determined. The surface tension measurements of dissymmetric gemini surfactants showed good water solubility, and low CMC had great efficiency in lowering the surface tension and a strong adsorption at the air/water interface. The CMC was observed to increase initially with the increase of the ester bond alkyl group. They also showed good foaming properties and wetting capabilites.