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Preparation, surface‐active properties, and antimicrobial activities of bis(alkylammonium) dichlorides having a butenylen or a butynylene spacer
Author(s) -
Tatsumi Taiga,
Zhang Wanbin,
Nakatsuji Yohji,
Miyake Kazuhiro,
Matsushima Kenji,
Tanaka Misa,
Furuta Taro,
Ikeda Isao
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of surfactants and detergents
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.349
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1558-9293
pISSN - 1097-3958
DOI - 10.1007/s11743-001-0179-z
Subject(s) - chemistry , cationic polymerization , benzalkonium chloride , antimicrobial , solubility , pulmonary surfactant , critical micelle concentration , chloramine t , micelle , nuclear chemistry , candida albicans , chlorhexidine , organic chemistry , aqueous solution , biochemistry , biology , medicine , dentistry , genetics
A series of new cationic gemini surfactants, bis(alkylammonium) dichlorides having a butenylene or a butynylene spacer, were prepared almost quantitatively by the reaction of a long‐chain alkyldimethylamine with a highly reactive allylic or propargylic dichloride, and their surface‐active properties were measured. All of them showed good water solubility and quite low critical micelle concentrations, which were more than one order of magnitude lower than those of the corresponding mono(alkylammonium) salts. They also showed quite high foaming ability and foam stability when they have an appropriate hydrophile‐lipophile balance. Many of them showed almost the same antimicrobial activities against the eumycetes Aspergillus sp. and Candida albicans as commercial germicides such as benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine gluconate.