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Growth responses of Canada goldenrod ( Solidago canadensis L.) to increased nitrogen supply correlate with bioavailability of insoluble phosphorus source
Author(s) -
Wan LingYun,
Qi ShanShan,
Dai ZhiCong,
Zou Chris B.,
Song YiGe,
Hu ZhiYuan,
Zhu Bin,
Du DaoLin
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
ecological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.628
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1440-1703
pISSN - 0912-3814
DOI - 10.1007/s11284-017-1552-2
Subject(s) - phosphorus , phosphate , competition (biology) , context (archaeology) , nutrient , solidago canadensis , bioavailability , nitrogen , soil water , chemistry , botany , biology , environmental chemistry , invasive species , ecology , biochemistry , paleontology , bioinformatics , organic chemistry
Abstract Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs lead to the increase of phosphorus (P) demand for plants and plant species competition in a N enriched environment may hinge on its ability to utilize soil P sources. In soils, P mostly exists as insoluble phosphate compounds with three mineral elements: iron (Fe), aluminum (Al) or calcium (Ca), and it remains largely unknown whether invasive plant species are able to access such insoluble P sources and its interaction with N enrichment to gain competitive advantage. We determined the morphological traits, growth and nutrient status of an invasive plant Canada goldenrod ( Solidago canadensis L.) cultured in soluble phosphate KH 2 PO 4 (Ortho‐P), and insoluble inorganic phosphate AlPO 4 (Al–P), FePO 4 (Fe–P), Ca 5 (OH)(PO 4 ) 3 (Ca–P) at three N supply levels. Results showed that S. canadensis was able to selectively utilize P from Al–P but not from Fe–P or Ca–P by increasing root number and length under N additions. The increasing growth in S. canadensis was closely correlated with the increasing foliar P. Ability to utilize insoluble P sources under enriched N environment serves as a competitive advantage for S. canadensis in Al rich soils. Effective control of S. canadensis invasion may need to consider soil P management in the context of atmospheric N deposition as well.