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Simulation of N 2 O emissions and nitrate leaching from plastic mulch radish cultivation with LandscapeDNDC
Author(s) -
Kim Youngsun,
Berger Sina,
Kettering Janine,
Tenhunen John,
Haas Edwin,
Kiese Ralf
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
ecological research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.628
H-Index - 68
eISSN - 1440-1703
pISSN - 0912-3814
DOI - 10.1007/s11284-014-1136-3
Subject(s) - leaching (pedology) , biogeochemical cycle , environmental science , mulch , nitrate , biogeochemistry , agronomy , plastic mulch , nitrogen cycle , nitrogen , agroecosystem , agriculture , soil water , environmental chemistry , chemistry , soil science , ecology , biology , organic chemistry
Radish is one of the major dry field crops in Asia commonly grown with plastic mulch and high rates of N fertilization, and potentially harming the environment due to N 2 O emissions and nitrate leaching. Despite the widespread use of plastic mulch, biogeochemical models so far do not yet consider impacts of mulch on soil environmental conditions and biogeochemistry. In this study, we adapted and successfully tested the LandscapeDNDC model against field data by simulating crop growth, C and N turnover and associated N 2 O emissions as well as nitrate leaching for radish cultivation with plastic mulch and in conjunction with different rates of N fertilization (465–765 kg N ha −1 year −1 ). Due to the sandy soil texture and monsoon climate, nitrate leaching with rates up to 350 kg N ha −1 year −1 was the dominant reason for overall low nitrogen use efficiency (32–43 %). Direct or indirect N 2 O emissions (calculated from simulated nitrate leaching rates and IPCC EF ind = 0.0075) ranged between 2 and 3 kg N ha −1 year −1 , thus contributing an equal amount to total field emissions of about 5 kg N ha −1 year −1 . Based on our results, emission factors for direct N 2 O emissions ranged between 0.004 and 0.005. These values are only half of the IPCC default value (0.01), demonstrating the need of biogeochemical models for developing site and/or region specific EFs. Simulation results also revealed that changes in agricultural management by applying the fertilizer only to the rows would be an efficient mitigation strategy, effectively decreasing field nitrate leaching and N 2 O emissions by 50–60 %.