Open AccessRole of the tumor microenvironment in regulating the anti-metastatic effect of KISS1
Author(s) -
Sitaram Harihar,
Srijit Ray,
Samyukta Narayanan,
A Santhoshkumar,
Thuc Ly,
Danny R. Welch
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
clinical and experimental metastasis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.269
H-Index - 100
eISSN - 1573-7276
pISSN - 0262-0898
DOI - 10.1007/s10585-020-10030-6
Subject(s) - metastasis , tumor microenvironment , cancer , mechanism (biology) , metastasis suppressor gene , medicine , surgical oncology , metastasis suppressor , cancer research , bioinformatics , neuroscience , biology , philosophy , epistemology
KISS1, a metastasis suppressor gene, has been shown to block metastasis without affecting primary tumor formation. Loss of KISS1 leads to invasion and metastasis in multiple cancers, which is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. The discovery of KISS1 has provided a ray of hope for early clinical diagnosis and for designing effective treatments targeting metastatic cancer. However, this goal requires greater holistic understanding of its mechanism of action. In this review, we go back into history and highlight some key developments, from the discovery of KISS1 to its role in regulating multiple physiological processes including cancer. We discuss key emerging roles for KISS1, specifically interactions with tissue microenvironment to promote dormancy and regulation of tumor cell metabolism, acknowledged as some of the key players in tumor progression and metastasis. We finally discuss strategies whereby KISS1 might be exploited clinically to treat metastasis.