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The pathogenomics of McArdle disease—genes, enzymes, models, and therapeutic implications
Author(s) -
NogalesGadea Gisela,
Santalla Alfredo,
Brull Astrid,
Luoemi,
Lucia Alejandro,
Pinós Tomàs
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of inherited metabolic disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1573-2665
pISSN - 0141-8955
DOI - 10.1007/s10545-014-9743-2
Subject(s) - human genetics , gene , disease , genetics , metabolic disease , enzyme , bioinformatics , biology , medicine , computational biology , biochemistry
Numerous biomedical advances have been made since Carl and Gerty Cori discovered the enzyme phosphorylase in the 1940s and the Scottish physician Brian McArdle reported in 1951 a previously ‘undescribed disorder characterized by a gross failure of the breakdown in muscle of glycogen’. Today we know that this disorder, commonly known as ‘McArdle disease’, is caused by inherited deficiency of the muscle isoform of glycogen phosphorylase (GP). Here we review the main aspects of the ‘pathogenomics’ of this disease including, among others: the spectrum of mutations in the gene ( PYGM ) encoding muscle GP; the interplay between the different tissue GP isoforms in cellular cultures and in patients; what can we learn from naturally occurring and recently laboratory‐generated animal models of the disease; and potential therapies.