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Mitochondrial ATP synthase: architecture, function and pathology
Author(s) -
Jonckheere An I.,
Smeitink Jan A. M.,
Rodenburg Richard J. T.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of inherited metabolic disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1573-2665
pISSN - 0141-8955
DOI - 10.1007/s10545-011-9382-9
Subject(s) - atp synthase , mitochondrion , mitochondrial matrix , function (biology) , electrochemical gradient , atp–adp translocase , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , inner mitochondrial membrane , biochemistry , computational biology , chemistry , bioinformatics , gene , enzyme , cytosol , membrane
Human mitochondrial (mt) ATP synthase, or complex V consists of two functional domains: F 1 , situated in the mitochondrial matrix, and F o , located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Complex V uses the energy created by the proton electrochemical gradient to phosphorylate ADP to ATP. This review covers the architecture, function and assembly of complex V. The role of complex V di‐and oligomerization and its relation with mitochondrial morphology is discussed. Finally, pathology related to complex V deficiency and current therapeutic strategies are highlighted. Despite the huge progress in this research field over the past decades, questions remain to be answered regarding the structure of subunits, the function of the rotary nanomotor at a molecular level, and the human complex V assembly process. The elucidation of more nuclear genetic defects will guide physio(patho)logical studies, paving the way for future therapeutic interventions.