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Mitochondrial DNA transcription regulation and nucleoid organization
Author(s) -
Rebelo Adriana P.,
Dillon Lloye M.,
Moraes Carlos T.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of inherited metabolic disease
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.462
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1573-2665
pISSN - 0141-8955
DOI - 10.1007/s10545-011-9330-8
Subject(s) - mitochondrial dna , mitochondrial biogenesis , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription (linguistics) , tfam , dnaja3 , biology , transcription factor , mitochondrion , mitochondrial fusion , transcription coregulator , nucleoid , transcriptional regulation , genetics , gene , linguistics , philosophy , escherichia coli
Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex process depending on both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcription regulation to tightly coordinate mitochondrial levels and the cell's energy demand. The energy requirements for a cell to support its metabolic function can change in response to varying physiological conditions, such as, proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, mitochondrial transcription regulation is constantly being modulated in order to establish efficient mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and proper cellular function. The aim of this article is to review the function of major protein factors that are directly involved in the process of mtDNA transcription regulation, as well as, the importance of mitochondrial nucleoid structure and its influence on mtDNA segregation and transcription regulation. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the molecular mode of action of transcription factors comprising the mitochondrial transcriptional machinery, as well as the action of nuclear receptors on regulatory regions of the mtDNA.