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Regenerative medicine for insulin deficiency: creation of pancreatic islets and bioartificial pancreas
Author(s) -
Sumi Shoichiro
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.63
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1868-6982
pISSN - 1868-6974
DOI - 10.1007/s00534-010-0303-3
Subject(s) - regenerative medicine , induced pluripotent stem cell , embryonic stem cell , stem cell , pancreas , xenotransplantation , transplantation , islet , microbiology and biotechnology , pancreatic islets , cell encapsulation , directed differentiation , cell therapy , biology , medicine , cancer research , insulin , cell , endocrinology , biochemistry , gene
Recent advances in pancreas organogenesis have greatly improved the understanding of cell lineage from inner cell mass to fully differentiated β‐cells. Based upon such knowledge, insulin‐producing cells similar to β‐cells to a certain extent have been generated from various cell sources including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, although fully differentiated cells comparable to β‐cells are not yet available. The bioartificial pancreas is a therapeutic approach to enable allo‐ and xenotransplantation of islets without immune suppression. Among several types of bioartificial pancreases (BAPs), micro‐encapsulated porcine islets are already in use in clinical trials and may, perhaps, replace islet transplantation in the near future. Some types of bioartificial pancreas such as macro‐encapsulation are also useful for keeping transplanted cells enclosed in case retrieval is necessary. Therefore, early clinical applications of artificially generated β‐like cells, especially those from ESCs or iPS cells, will be considered in combination with retrievable BAPs.