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d ‐Allose has a strong suppressive effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury: a comparative study with allopurinol and superoxide dismutase
Author(s) -
Hossain Mohammad Akram,
Izuishi Kunihiko,
Tokuda Masaaki,
Izumori Ken,
Maeta Hajime
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic surgery
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.63
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1868-6982
pISSN - 0944-1166
DOI - 10.1007/s00534-003-0892-1
Subject(s) - superoxide dismutase , allopurinol , ischemia , reperfusion injury , myeloperoxidase , pharmacology , medicine , dismutase , xanthine oxidase , liver injury , endocrinology , chemistry , anesthesia , biochemistry , oxidative stress , enzyme , inflammation
Background/Purpose d ‐Allose, a rare sugar, is one of the potent inhibitors of ischemia/reperfusion injury of the rat liver. To investigate the potency of this powerful agent we examined its effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury and compared it to that of allopurinol and superoxide dismutase. Methods Male Lewis rats were given water ad libitum preoperatively for 12 h and anesthetized by isoflurane inhalation anesthesia. Drugs were administered through a polyethylene catheter inserted into the portal vein for 2 h ( d ‐allose), 10 min (allopurinol), or 5 min (superoxide dismutase) before ischemia, and the livers were then subjected to 70% ischemia, induced by crossclamping the vessels to the lateral and median lobes of the liver for 90 min. Rats were divided into four groups: group 1, pretreated with vehicle (normal saline); group 2, treated with d ‐allose; group 3, treated with allopurinol; and group 4, treated with superoxide dismutase. The effects of the drugs were evaluated by liver hemodynamics, neutrophil count, myeloperoxidase, liver enzymes, and histological studies. Results d ‐Allose improved liver hemodynamics ( P < 0.001) and postischemic animal survival ( P < 0.05) significantly compared with the control group and nonsignificantly compared with the allopurinol and superoxide dismutase groups. Myeloperoxidase activity in the postischemic liver tissue was decreased significantly ( P < 0.05) by d ‐allose compared with all other treatment and control groups. Neutrophil count was also significantly ( P < 0.05) decreased in the d ‐allose group compared with than that in the control group, as well as the superoxide dismutase group. Only d ‐allose produced a statistically significant decrease in the level of liver enzymes, compared with levels in the control group. Conclusions The moderately protective effect of d ‐allose, which caused no clinical side effects, is encouraging. d ‐Allose had the best protective effect against neutrophil‐related postischemic injury of the liver tissue, followed by allopurinol and superoxide dismutase. However, a more extensive study is needed to ensure the effects as well as the mechanisms of the effect of this rare sugar.