Open AccessThe regulation of the small-conductance calcium-activated potassium current and the mechanisms of sex dimorphism in J wave syndrome
Author(s) -
Chunlai Mu,
Yudong Fei,
Tai-Zhong Chen,
YiGang Li,
PengSheng Chen
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pflügers archiv für die gesamte physiologie des menschen und der tiere/pflügers archiv
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.428
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 0365-267X
pISSN - 0031-6768
DOI - 10.1007/s00424-020-02500-3
Subject(s) - medicine , potassium channel , atrial fibrillation , endocrinology , sexual dimorphism , intracellular , repolarization , apamin , neuroscience , electrical conduction system of the heart , cardiology , biology , electrophysiology , microbiology and biotechnology , electrocardiography
Apamin-sensitive small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) current (I KAS ) plays an important role in cardiac repolarization under a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. The regulation of cardiac I KAS relies on SK channel expression, intracellular Ca 2+ , and interaction between SK channel and intracellular Ca 2+ . I KAS activation participates in multiple types of arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and automaticity and conduction abnormality. Recently, sex dimorphisms in autonomic control have been noticed in I KAS activation, resulting in sex-differentiated action potential morphology and arrhythmogenesis. This review provides an update on the Ca 2+ -dependent regulation of cardiac I KAS and the role of I KAS on arrhythmias, with a special focus on sex differences in I KAS activation. We propose that sex dimorphism in autonomic control of I KAS may play a role in J wave syndrome.