Open AccessReinforcement enhancement by nicotine in adult rats: behavioral selectivity and relation to mode of delivery and blood nicotine levels
Author(s) -
Annie Constantin,
Paul B. S. Clarke
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
psychopharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.378
H-Index - 196
eISSN - 1432-2072
pISSN - 0033-3158
DOI - 10.1007/s00213-017-4778-3
Subject(s) - nicotine , reinforcement , psychology , pharmacology , lever , self administration , anesthesia , medicine , neuroscience , social psychology , physics , quantum mechanics
Reinforcement-enhancing effects of nicotine occur in human subjects and laboratory rats. However, the doses used in animal studies typically exceed smoking-associated levels of exposure, and generalized behavioral activation by nicotine can potentially confound data interpretation.
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