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Chemical studies on corn embryos infected by various fungi
Author(s) -
Farag R. S.,
Youssef A. M.,
Sabet K. A.,
Fahim M. M.,
Khalil F. A.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02899462
Subject(s) - unsaponifiable , saponification value , peroxide value , iodine value , saponification , corn oil , fatty acid , chemistry , food science , acid value , extraction (chemistry) , embryo , biology , chromatography , botany , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology
The occurrence of various fungi in corn kernels obtained from eight localities in Egypt in two successive years was studied. Values for refractive index, color, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value and unsaponifiable matter content of oils extracted from corn embryos that were deliberately infected by various fungi were compared to those for oil extracted from healthy embryos. Spectrometric analyses (UV, visible and IR) were done to deduce differences in the functional groups of the oils. Corn oil extracted from embryos infected with various fungi contained the same lipid classes as the oil extracted from healthy embryos. Contents of mono‐ and diglycerides and free fatty acids were much smaller for the oil extracted from healthy embryos. The fatty acid and unsaponifiable compositions of oils were studied by gas liquid chromatography. The fatty acid composition of corn oil extracted from infected embryos showed that some new and short‐chain fatty acids had appeared and that some of the 18:2 was converted to 18:0. Analysis of the hydrocarbon fraction of the unsaponifiables showed also that some new compounds had appeared and others disappeared. The sterols were greatly influenced by the fungi and the ratio between different sterols might be used to characterize the effect of fungi. Aflatoxin B 1 content of oil extracted from corn embryos infected by A. flavus was 300 µg/kg.