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Oxyethylated sulfonamides as nonionic soil wetting agents
Author(s) -
Micich Thomas J.,
Linfield Warner M.
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02677039
Subject(s) - wetting , cloud point , ethylene oxide , surface tension , chemistry , adduct , solubility , yield (engineering) , polymer chemistry , chemical engineering , organic chemistry , materials science , aqueous solution , thermodynamics , composite material , copolymer , physics , polymer , engineering
Various N‐alkylbenzenesulfonamides of the type RφSO 2 NHR′, where R is t‐butyl, or hydrogen and R′ is decyl, octyl, t‐octyl, 2‐ethylhexyl, hexyl, and butyl, were treated with ethylene oxide (EO) to yield polydisperse adducts RφSO 2 N(R′)(EO) x H where x is any integer from 2 to 20. Each series of adducts exhibited a range of properties and water solubility. Wetting ability, surface tension, cloud point, and hydrophilic‐lipophilic balance (HLB) were related to structure and EO content to determine the most efficient wetting agent for peat moss and cotton skeins. Optimum wetting properties were found for adducts containing 5–10 EO units and in particular with t‐C 4 H 9 φSO 2 N(t‐C 8 H 17 )(EO) x H. This EO chain‐length region corresponded to cloud points of 25°, minimal surface tensions, and HLB values 10–12.