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Scanning electron microscopy in the detergent industry
Author(s) -
Puderbach H.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02673407
Subject(s) - scanning electron microscope , microanalysis , cathodoluminescence , materials science , optical microscope , field emission gun , microscopy , chemistry , chemical engineering , nanotechnology , mineralogy , analytical chemistry (journal) , chromatography , optics , luminescence , composite material , organic chemistry , physics , optoelectronics , engineering
In 1965, scanning electron microscopes became available commercially. The use of these instruments and other new equipment (such as X‐ray microanalysis and cathodoluminescence) created new possibilities for evaluation of detergent qualities permitting further insights into the morphology and inorganic chemical composition of powder particles, including the surfaces and the inside regions. The new instruments also can be used in testing procedures during product development. Use of scanning electron microscopy in evaluation of detergents was discussed using selected examples related to investigations concerning (a) stability of bleaching activator prills, (b) coating of enzyme marums, (c) distribution of optical brighteners, (d) distribution of the inorganic constituents of powder particles, (e) thermal stability of sodium triphosphate hexahydrate, and (f) development of sodium aluminum silicates (SASIL) as phosphate substitutes. The examples were chosen to show the possibilities of scanning electron microscopy. Together with its additional features and in combination with other methods of physical and chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy can provide important information concerning solid surfaces, which are relevant in the field of detergent chemistry.