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Conversion of visual to instrumental measurement of yellowness
Author(s) -
Hunter R. S.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02672375
Subject(s) - photoelectric effect , reflectivity , optics , chemistry , art , physics
Yellowness is the result of a tendency of many materials (especially organic) to absorb more light in the blue end than in the rest of the visible spectrum. For approximately 100 years, yellowness of materials has been rated by visual comparisons with either standardized glasses or standardized solutions of reagent grade chemicals. Since 1942, paints, textiles, plastics and many other materials have been rated for yellowness by photoelectric measurements based on the spectral response characteristics of the normal human eye. Four of the long‐established and widely used visual scales for yellowness are related herein to four of the newer and more precise photo‐electric tristimulus scales. The four visual scales are Lovibond, Hazen, Gardner and FAC. The tristimulus scales are ASTM D1925, ASTM E313, Hunter b and CIELAB b * . These interrelations between scales were actually developed more than 20 years ago by Ron Stillman of the AOCS, but his data were so voluminous that no opportunity for their publication was ever found.