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The state of dispersion of detergent additives in lubricating oil and other hydrocarbons
Author(s) -
Peri J. B.
Publication year - 1958
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02640589
Subject(s) - micelle , chemistry , dispersity , sulfonate , dispersion (optics) , hydrocarbon , viscosity , chemical engineering , intrinsic viscosity , oil droplet , chromatography , analytical chemistry (journal) , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , materials science , polymer , emulsion , sodium , aqueous solution , physics , optics , composite material , engineering
Summary Ultracentrifugation and viscosity data indicate that the sulfonate type of detergents normally exists in hydrocarbon solvents as small micelles approximately two molecular lengths in diameter, ranging in shape from nearly spherical to rodlike. The micellar size is shown, in the case of calcium petroleum sulfonate, to change with concentration and temperature. Analysis of the sedimentation patterns shows that, while Aerosol O.T. appears essentially monodisperse, calcium petroleum sulfonate shows a marked distribution of micellar weights. Ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy show that larger aggregates sometimes exist in solution together with small micelles. These aggregates may result from association of various polar compounds with the detergent micelles.