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Sperm oil replacements from selectively hydrogenated soybean and linseed esters: Special lubricants
Author(s) -
Bell E. W.,
Cowan J. C.,
Gast L. E.,
Koos R. E.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02636825
Subject(s) - linolenate , diene , conjugated diene , double bond , organic chemistry , linseed oil , chemistry , pentaerythritol , trimethylolpropane , alcohol , soybean oil , fatty acid , food science , polyurethane , natural rubber , monomer , fire retardant , polymer
Soybean and linseed oils were selectively hydroenated with copper‐on‐silica gel catalyst. The linolenate content of the oils was reduced to diene and monoene with no appreciable increase in saturates. Hydrogenated soybean oils contained 68–76% monoene, 11–18% diene, 0% conjugated diene and triene, 1–6% conjugatable diene, 0–0.3% conjugatable triene, and 23–40% isolated trans double bonds. Hydrogenated linseed oils contained 44–54% monoene, 35–45% diene, 0% conjugated diene and triene, 0–7% conjugatable diene, 0–02% conjugatable triene, and 44–59% isoalted trans double bonds. Esters of fatty acids, derived from these selectively hydrogenated oils, were prepared with trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol, ethylene glycol, C 18 saturated cyclic alcohols, primary C 12 –C 18 saturated (nC 12 , nC 14 , nC 16 , nC 18 ) alcohol, and primary C 16 –C 18 saturated (nC 16 , nC 18 ) alcohol blends. Measurements of viscosities and of smoke, flash, and fire points indicate that these esters are possible replacements for sperm oil. Certain of them, after sulfurization, also have potential as extreme pressure lubricant additives.