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Correlation of hard surface detergency, soil, and surfactant
Author(s) -
Mankowich A. M.
Publication year - 1962
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02635820
Subject(s) - chemistry , oleic acid , pulmonary surfactant , ethylene oxide , surface tension , phenol , alcohol , benzene , cloud point , chromatography , organic chemistry , thermodynamics , biochemistry , physics , copolymer , polymer
In the practical detergency range between the 90% soil removal point (the CC‐1 concentration) and the point at twice the CC‐1 concentration (the CC‐2 point), hard surface (steel) detergency (D) is a linear function of micellar solubilization (S) such that D=K 1 S+K 2 , for glyceryl trioleate, oleic acid, and lauryl alcohol soils. Equations of this form were obtained for glyceryl trioleate systems using polyethenoxyethers of nonyl phenol and tridecyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate, and sodium oleate. It was shown that the constants K 1 and K 2 of the detergency equation possess more than mathematical significance. Analysis of the equations for the 15, 20, and 40 ethylene oxide mole ratio adducts of nonyl phenol with glyceryl trioleate soil revealed that K 1 varied linearily with HLB of the adducts and that the K 2 ‐log interfacial tension function (at the CC‐1 point) was linear. Examination of the equations for the 20, 50, and 100 mole ratio adducts of nonyl phenol with oleic acid soil indicated also that K 1 was a function of HLB and that K 2 was a function of interfacial tension (at the CC‐1 point). The detergency equations of a single surfactant (sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate) and three soils (triolein, lauryl alcohol, and oleic acid) indicated K 1 was a function of soil dipole moment, and K 2 was a function of soil surface tension.