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Synthetic detergents from animal fats. Disodium alpha‐sulfopalmitate and sodium oleyl sulfate
Author(s) -
Stirton A. J.,
Weil J. K.,
Stawitzke Anna A.,
James S.
Publication year - 1952
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02612599
Subject(s) - oleyl alcohol , solubility , chemistry , lauric acid , dodecanol , myristic acid , surface tension , fatty alcohol , sodium sulfate , sulfate , sodium , polyvinyl alcohol , alcohol , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , palmitic acid , fatty acid , physics , quantum mechanics
Summary Disodium α‐sulfopalmitate and homologous compounds were prepared by sulfonation of the fat acid with liquid sulfur trioxide. Sodium oleyl sulfate was prepared in an estimated 95% purity by sulfation of oleyl alcohol with pyridine‐sulfur trioxide. The solubility, surface tension, wetting, foaming, and detergent properties of these and related compounds were measured. Disodium α‐sulfopalmitate is potentially inexpensive, has adequate surface active properties, is a good detergent in hard and soft water, but has limited solubility at room temperature (0.25% at 25°C.). The lauric and myristic homologs are less surface active, but more soluble. Disodium α‐sulfostearate is less soluble. Sodium oleyl sulfate has excellent solubility, and surface active properties and is an excellent detergent in soft water. It is not quite so efficient in hard water although no insoluble calcium salts are formed. The future of the two compounds will depend upon successful formulation with builders or combinations with soap or other detergents.