Premium
Canadian beeswax: Analytical values and composition of hydrocarbons, free acids and long chain esters
Author(s) -
Tulloch A. P.,
Hoffman L. L.
Publication year - 1972
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02609202
Subject(s) - beeswax , saponification value , limiting , composition (language) , chemistry , saponification , hydrocarbon , melting point , gas chromatography , organic chemistry , long chain , acid value , chromatography , wax , fatty acid , biochemistry , polymer science , mechanical engineering , linguistics , philosophy , engineering
Physical and chemical properties of 80 samples of Canadian yellow unrefined beeswax have been determined. Mean values were: melting point, 64.3 C; acid value, 18.7; ester value, 72.6; ratio number 3.89; saponification cloud point 62.5 C; and hydrocarbon content, 15.3%. There was no significant variation due to geography or climate. Values were very similar to those of U.S. beeswax and were within the specifications of National Formulary XIII, except that 21 samples had ester values in the range 70–72. A more accurate specification for ester value would be 70–77 instead of 72–77. Hydrocarbons, free fatty acids and long chain esters were analyzed by gas liquid chromatography, and the limiting values found make possible improved detection and estimation of adulterants. The upper limits for C 16 and C 18 acids were 5.8 and 3.3%, respectively, of the total free acids.