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Laboratory extraction of cottonseed with various petroleum hydrocarbons
Author(s) -
Ayers A. L.,
Dooley J. J.
Publication year - 1948
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02593281
Subject(s) - isopentane , chemistry , pentane , hexane , heptane , methylcyclopentane , hydrocarbon , benzene , extraction (chemistry) , chromatography , distillation , solvent , cyclopentane , yield (engineering) , organic chemistry , isomerization , materials science , metallurgy , catalysis
Summary Solvent extraction of cottonseed with various hydrocarbons in the C 5 to C 7 range was studied to determine comparative yields and quality of oil produced with pure and commercial hydrocarbon solvents. The solvents used were Pure Grade (minimum 99 mol per cent purity) isopentane, normal pentane, cyclohexane, normal heptane, and benzene; Technical Grade (minimum 95 mol per cent purity) neohexane, diisopropyl, 2‐methylpentane, 3‐methylpentane, normal hexane, methylcyclopentane, and a 90 mol per cent cyclopentane; and Commercial Grade normal pentane, isohexanes, normal hexane, isoheptanes, and normal heptane. The effects of precooking the seeds and of the inclusion of hulls on yield and color of extracted oil were determined. Yields and colors of crude oils from cottonseed with both high and intermediate free fatty acid content were studied, and characteristics of the oils determined and compared. Refining losses, refined colors, and bleach colors of oils extracted with various hydrocarbons were compared. Color comparisons were made with a Gardner Color Comparator and a Fisher Electrophotometer. Other test methods used were modifications of official A.O.C.S. methods adapted to small samples. In general normal paraffins and isoparaffins were found to have some advantages over cyclic hydrocarbons.