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Aqueous solvents for extracting glanded cottonseed protein without gland rupture
Author(s) -
Muller L. L.,
Jacks T. J.,
Hensarling T. P.
Publication year - 1976
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02586318
Subject(s) - chemistry , solubility , sodium , aqueous solution , magnesium , sodium sulfate , ammonium sulfate , inorganic chemistry , solvent , cottonseed , nuclear chemistry , chromatography , biochemistry , organic chemistry , food science
The presence of pigment glands has thwarted attempts to extract edible cottonseed protein aqueously from glanded seeds or gland‐rich meals, probably because of the widely held belief that glands rupture on contact with aqueous media. We found several aqueous salt solutions in which glands did not rupture. Glands remained intact in saturated (2 m ) sodium sulfate, but not in saturated 2 m or 4 m solutions of sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates of other Group IA elements as well as sodium chloride and sodium nitrate. Glands also remained intact in saturated solutions of sulfates of aluminum, ammonium, cadmium, copper, magnesium, nickel, and zinc, and chlorides of calcium, iron, and magnesium. Some of these solutions were diluted to <50% saturation before glands started rupturing. Cottonseed protein in the liquid cyclone underflow fraction (gland‐rich fraction) was soluble in sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate, but not in calcium chloride or sodium phosphate. Its solubility in sodium sulfate was investigated further with the following results: Alkalinity of sodium sulfate solution had no effect on solubility; ratio of solid to solvent had no effect in the range of 1:3.5–1:60 (wt:vol); 80% saturated sodium sulfate was optimal for solubility without gland rupture; the period of contact of meal and solvent had no effect on protein solubility in the range of a few minutes to 2 hr. These results indicate that the extraction of cottonseed protein with aqueous solvents in the presence of pigment glands appears technically feasible.