Premium
Surface‐active properties of salts of alpha‐sulfonated acids and esters
Author(s) -
Stirton A. J.,
Weil J. K.,
Bistline R. G.
Publication year - 1954
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02544763
Subject(s) - chemistry , hydrolysis , lauric acid , solubility , alkyl , stearic acid , sodium , myristic acid , salt (chemistry) , organic chemistry , ammonium , palmitic acid , fatty acid
Summary In a comparison of the solubility, detergency, and surface‐active properties of the mono‐ and disodium salts of a ‐sulfonated lauric, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acids, it has been shown that the less soluble a ‐sulfopalmitates and a ‐sulfostearates, and sodium a ‐sulfomyristic acid as well, are the best detergents. The easily soluble disodium a ‐sulfolaurate resembles a simple electrolyte with little evidence of surface‐active properties. Ammonium a ‐sulfopalmitic acid and triethanolammonium a ‐sulfopalmitic acid are more soluble surface‐active agents and detergents than the sodium salts. Triethanolammonium a ‐sulfopalmitic acid is exceedingly soluble in water at room temperature. The sodium salts of alkyl a ‐sulfopalmitates and a ‐sulfostearates are easily prepared from the isolated crude diacid. The esters of primary alcohols containing from one to six carbon atoms are readily soluble in water and quite stable to hydrolysis, especially in acid solution. Salts of a ‐sulfonated esters of secondary alcohols are stable both to acid and to alkaline hydrolysis. This behavior extends the range of possible application.