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Biological modification of oil composition
Author(s) -
Tan B. K.,
Ong S. H.,
Rajanaidu N.,
Rao V.
Publication year - 1985
Publication title -
journal of the american oil chemists' society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.512
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1558-9331
pISSN - 0003-021X
DOI - 10.1007/bf02541383
Subject(s) - degree of unsaturation , oleic acid , linoleic acid , transesterification , elaeis guineensis , food science , palm oil , palmitic acid , composition (language) , lipase , biology , iodine value , chemistry , fatty acid , biochemistry , enzyme , organic chemistry , catalysis , linguistics , philosophy
Abstract Prospects for modification of palm oil composition through oil palm breeding, tissue culture and enzyme‐catalyzed transesterification are reviewed. Present emphasis in oil modification is toward greater unsaturation. The greatest prospect for this area lies in the interspecific hybridization of E. oleifera and E. guineensis . The target recommended is for a hybrid oil of iodine value above 72 having a palmitic acid content below 25% and an oleic acid content above 60%. It is noted that the variability of linoleic acid in the oil palm is limited regardless of species. The greatest contribution towards unsaturation, therefore, lies mainly in oleic acid. Tissue culture is seen as a potential propagating tool for selecting progenies of important crosses from the hybridization of E. oleifera and E. guineensis , while enzyme‐catalyzed transesterification using a 1,3 specific lipase offers the possibility of enhancing the level of linoleic acid in palm oil. Besides breeding for unsaturation, production of palms giving oils of specific fatty acid or triglyceride types also may be possible ultimately.