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Oxysterols: Chemical synthesis, biosynthesis and biological activities
Author(s) -
Parish Edward J.,
Nanduri Venkata B. B.,
Kohl Herbert H.,
Taylor Frederick R.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/bf02534299
Subject(s) - oxysterol , biosynthesis , biochemistry , cytosol , reductase , sterol , biological activity , enzyme , sterol regulatory element binding protein , cholesterol , chemistry , mevalonate pathway , hmg coa reductase , biology , in vitro
Abstract As a class of compounds, oxysterols have demonstrated a wide variety of biological properties. Due to the general interest in these compounds, new methods of chemical synthesis have been developed to provide them for biological investigation. The specific inhibition by oxysterols of cholesterol biosynthesis in mammalian cells has been shown to result primarily from a decrease in cellular levels of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase activity. Recent evidence suggests these cellular responses may be mediated by an oxysterol binding protein found in the cytosol of many lines of cultured cells. In certain instances, oxysterols have been shown to be produced in biological systems. These results support the supposition that oxysterols may regulate sterol biosynthesis at the cellular level. Included herein are the inhibitory effects of 9α, 11α‐epoxycholest‐7‐en‐3β‐ol cholest‐8‐en‐3β‐ol‐7‐one and cholest‐8‐en‐3β‐ol‐11‐one on HMG‐CoA reductase activity and their relative affinities for a cytosolic binding protein.