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Phytosterol side chain biosynthesis
Author(s) -
Goad L. J.,
Lenton J. R.,
Knapp F. F.,
Goodwin T. W.
Publication year - 1974
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/bf02532508
Subject(s) - transmethylation , side chain , phytosterol , alkylation , chemistry , methionine , substituent , alkyl , methylene , biosynthesis , stereochemistry , methyl group , degree of unsaturation , organic chemistry , biochemistry , catalysis , enzyme , amino acid , polymer
The typical plant sterols contain a substituent at C‐24 of the side chain. This can be a methylene, ethylidene, methyl, or ethyl group; with the last three groups, all possible isomers have been reported in nature. The C‐24 alkyl groups are derived by a transmethylation reaction from methionine. The details of several distinct alkylation mechanisms, which are now recognized in a range of lower and higher plants, have been reviewed. The operation of these different routes may have some phylogenetic significance.