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Prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis by dietary unsaturated fats in hormone‐treated female hamsters
Author(s) -
Ayyad Nariman,
Cohen Bertram I.,
Ohshima Akira,
Mosbach Erwin H.
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/bf02522888
Subject(s) - butterfat , polyunsaturated fatty acid , linoleic acid , cholesterol , oleic acid , lipidology , food science , hamster , medicine , clinical chemistry , phosphatidylcholine , gallstones , chemistry , biology , endocrinology , fatty acid , phospholipid , biochemistry , milk fat , membrane , linseed oil
We examined the effect of diet on gallstone incidence and the composition of biliary phosphatidylcholines in methyltestosterone‐treated female hamsters. These hamsters were fed a nutritionally adequate purified lithogenic diet containing 2% corn oil, 4% butterfat, 0.3% cholesterol, and 0.05% methyltestosterone, resulting in a cholesterol gallstone incidence of 86%. This incidence was lowered when mono‐and polyunsaturated fats or fatty acids were added to the diet: 2.5% oleic acid resulted in total prevention of cholesterol cholelithiasis, 2.5% linoleic acid, and 4% safflower oil (78% linoleic acid content) reduced gallstone incidence to 26 and 8%, respectively. An additional 4% butterfat (29% oleic acid content) produced gallstones in 50% of the animals. At the end of the 6‐wk feeding period, the bile of all hamsters was supersaturated with cholesterol. The major biliary phosphatidylcholine species in all groups were ( sn ‐1‐ sn ‐2): 16:0–18:2, 16:0–18:1, 18:0–18:2, 16:0–20:4, and 18:2–18:2. The safflower oil‐and linoleic acidfed hamsters exhibited an enrichment of 16:0–18:2 (16–18%); added butterfat or oleic acid increased the proportion of 16:0–18:1 (9 and 25%, respectively). We conclude that the phosphatidylcholine molecular species in female hamster bile can be altered by dietary fats/fatty acids and that mono‐and polyunsaturated fatty acids play a role in suppressing the induced cholelithiasis.