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Hydrocarbon chain distribution of ether phospholipids of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius
Author(s) -
Jeong Bo Young,
Ohshima Toshiaki,
Koizumi Chiaki
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
lipids
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.601
H-Index - 120
eISSN - 1558-9307
pISSN - 0024-4201
DOI - 10.1007/bf02522404
Subject(s) - glycerophospholipids , sea urchin , glycerophospholipid , biology , alkyl , gonad , chordate , stereochemistry , chemistry , anatomy , biochemistry , phospholipid , organic chemistry , ecology , vertebrate , membrane , gene
The contents and compositions of the 1‐ O ‐alk‐1′‐enyl‐2‐acyl, 1‐ O ‐alkyl‐2‐acyl, and 1,2‐diacyl glycerophospholipids in the muscle and viscera of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi , and of the gonad of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius , which are eaten to some extent in Alaska and in Asia, were analyzed by gas‐liquid chromatography. 1‐ O ‐Alk‐1′‐enyl‐2‐acyl glycerophospholipids were found in all of the samples, accounting for 64.4–69.0% of the ethanolamine glycerophospholipid (EPL). By contrast, the levels of the 1‐ O ‐Alk‐1′‐enyl‐2‐acyl choline glycerophospholipids (CPL) were low (3.1–5.7%). CPL was rich in the 1‐ O ‐alkyl‐2‐acyl subclass amounting to 12.5–23.9% in the ascidian sample. The level of CPL in the sea urchin gonad was extremely high, amounting to 46.1%. The most prominent alkyl chains in the sn ‐1 position of CPL from the ascidian muscle were 16∶0 (44.6%), 18∶1 (26.5%), and 18∶0 (10.7%), and of CPL from the sea urchin gonad were 18∶0 (36.2%), 16∶0 (33.0%), and 18∶1 (17.8%). Unusually high levels of odd‐numbered alkyl chains, e.g., 19∶0 and anteiso 17∶0, were detected in the CPL of all samples. The prominent alkenyl chains of EPL were 18∶0 (69.4%), 16∶0 (10.0%), and 18∶1 (8.54%) (not counting the vinyl double bond) for the sea urchin gonad. Relatively high levels of 20∶1 alkenyl chains were also present. The glycerol sn ‐2 positions contained high proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Thus, 20∶5n‐3 (43.6%) and 22∶6n‐3 (20.1%) were most abundant in the alkylacyl CPL from the ascidian muscle and 20∶5n‐3 (54.9%) and 20∶4n‐6 (30.1%) in alkylacyl CPL from the sea urchin gonad. Despite a possible interconversion of the alkyl and alkenyl chains of each class of the ether phospholipids, they showed few features in common.