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Hydrothermal Synthesis of Na 0.28 V 2 O 5 Nanobelts and their Electrochemical Behavior in Lithium Batteries
Author(s) -
Nagaraju Ganganagappa
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.354
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1521-3749
pISSN - 0044-2313
DOI - 10.1002/zaac.201200197
Subject(s) - scanning electron microscope , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , materials science , raman spectroscopy , transmission electron microscopy , hydrothermal circulation , electrochemistry , lithium (medication) , monoclinic crystal system , hydrothermal synthesis , analytical chemistry (journal) , vanadium oxide , chemical engineering , vanadium , nanotechnology , crystallography , chemistry , electrode , crystal structure , optics , engineering , medicine , physics , chromatography , endocrinology , metallurgy , composite material
A simple low temperature hydrothermal method was found to yield Na 0.28 V 2 O 5 nanobelts after two days at 130 °C in acidic medium (H 2 SO 4 ) without using any surfactant. The obtained products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and Raman spectroscopy. Their morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, their electrochemical behavior in a lithium battery was investigated. The XRD pattern shows that the product is composed of monoclinic Na 0.28 V 2 O 5 nanobelts. From the FTIR spectrum, the band centered at 961 cm –1 is assigned to V=O stretching vibration, which is sensitive to intercalation and suggests that Na + ions are inserted between the vanadium oxide layers. SEM/TEM analyses reveal that the products consist of a large quantity of nanobelts which have a thickness of 60–150 nm and a length of several tens of micrometers. The electrochemical results show that the nanobelts exhibit an initial discharge specific capacity of 390 mAh · g –1 , and its stabilized capacity still remained around 200 mAh · g –1 after the 18th cycle.