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On the Crystal Chemistry of Alkali‐, Alkaline‐Earth‐ and Rare Earth‐Oxozincates
Author(s) -
MüllerBuschbaum Hanskarl
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine chemie
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.354
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 1521-3749
pISSN - 0044-2313
DOI - 10.1002/zaac.200900431
Subject(s) - tetrahedron , alkali metal , crystallography , octahedron , zinc , crystal structure , chemistry , crystal chemistry , lithium (medication) , atom (system on chip) , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , medicine , computer science , embedded system , endocrinology
Oxozincates are obtained by reactions of ZnO with oxides of large cations like alkali, alkaline earth and rare earth metals. Zinc and oxygen are common elements of the anionic part of crystal structures, mostly forming ZnO 4 ‐tetrahedra. In NaLiZnO 2 and RbLiZnO 2 the tetrahedra are simultaneously occupied by zinc and lithium atoms. Deviations from the coordination number four are rare. An example of an unusual coordination of the zinc atom is the trigonal planar arrangement of oxygen atoms in Rb 2 ZnO 2 , Cs 2 ZnO 2 ; K 4 ZnO 3 and Na 10 Zn 4 O 9 . Larger polyhedra are square pyramids and octahedra. The first is found for Ba 17 Ln 16 Zn 8 Pt 4 O 57 the latter for the distorted perovskite Sr 2 ZnUO 6 . A special feature of the crystal chemistry of zinc is the formation of supertetrahedra, resulting from corner sharing ZnO 4 ‐tetrahedra. Li 10 Zn 4 O 10 shows a Zn 4 O 10 ‐supertetrahedron and Ba 3 M 2 Zn 5 O 11 ( M = In, Lu) the much larger Zn 10 O 20 ‐supertetrahedron. The connection of Zn 10 O 20 ‐supertetrahedra to each other results via a simultaneous corner connection of four tetrahedra (unknown in the chemistry of connected SiO 4 ‐tetrahedra). At least KNaZnO 2 and RbLiZnO 2 show corner connections of four tetrahedra (2 x NaO 4 + 2 x ZnO 4 ) and (2 x LiO 4 + 2 x ZnO 4 ) at the same point too. Something unusual is the connection of five tetrahedra at the same corner in KLiZnO 2 forming a Zn 2 Li 3 O 11 group.