Open AccessValidation of MRI‐VLFF for the non‐invasive measurement of steatosis in children
Author(s) -
Vos Miriam B.,
CastilloLeon Eduardo,
KnightScott Jack,
Cleeton Rebecca,
Freeman Alvin Jay,
Frediani Jennifer K.,
Hernandez Albert,
Simoneaux Stephen F.,
Kong Jun,
Farris Alton Brad,
House Michael J,
St. Pierre Tim
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
gastrohep
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1478-1239
DOI - 10.1002/ygh2.410
Subject(s) - repeatability , magnetic resonance imaging , gold standard (test) , confidence interval , medicine , steatosis , receiver operating characteristic , diagnostic accuracy , nuclear medicine , radiology , fatty liver , limits of agreement , pathology , gastroenterology , mathematics , statistics , disease
Summary Background & Aims Magnetic resonance‐based steatosis measurement of the liver has become the non‐invasive gold standard; however very few diagnostic thresholds have been independently validated and none in children. This study was designed to validate diagnostic thresholds, assess repeatability and the relationship to histology of a proprietary MRI volumetric liver fat fraction (VLFF) method (HepaFat‐Scan ® ) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) proton density fat fraction (PDFF) method. Methods This cross‐sectional study assesses the diagnostic accuracy of MRI‐VLFF and MRS‐PDFF of 50 children who had a clinically indicated liver biopsy. Twenty‐five children were randomly selected for intra‐examination repeatability. The positive pixel count (PPC) algorithm was used to quantify the area of fat vesicles in the histology. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was used to assess the diagnostic accuracy. Bland‐Altman plots were used to compare the methods and examine the repeatability. Results The MRI‐VLFF ranged from 0.3% to 35.4% and the MRS‐PDFF ranged from 0.5% to 36.9%. Based on histopathological analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of MRI‐VLFF for steatosis detection (grade 0 vs 1‐3) showed an AUROC of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89‐1.00), whereas MRI‐PDFF classified grade 0 vs 1‐3 showed an AUROC of 0.96 (95% CI: 0.91‐1.00). The repeatability coefficients were 1.8 (±0.5) % for MRI‐VLFF and 2.1 (±0.6) % for MRS‐PDFF. There was no bias between MRI‐VLFF and PPC steatosis. To allow direct comparison, MRS‐PDFF was converted to MRS‐VLFF. Small, but significant biases were measured between PPC steatosis and MRS‐VLFF (−1.38%) and between MRI‐VLFF and MRS‐VLFF (−1.39%). Conclusions Both MRI‐VLFF and MRS‐PDFF accurately estimated hepatic steatosis in children with excellent agreement with the histological assessment.