Premium
Activation of S phase checkpoint by cigarette smoke extract in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Author(s) -
Chaudhuri Santanu Pal,
Sundaram Geetanjali,
Bhattacharya Abhishek,
Ray Partha,
Ray Anirban,
Chatterjee Indu Bhushan,
Chattopadhyay Dhrubajyoti
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
yeast
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.923
H-Index - 102
eISSN - 1097-0061
pISSN - 0749-503X
DOI - 10.1002/yea.1309
Subject(s) - schizosaccharomyces pombe , cell cycle checkpoint , schizosaccharomyces , biology , smoke , microbiology and biotechnology , g2 m dna damage checkpoint , cell cycle , yeast , chemistry , cell , biochemistry , saccharomyces cerevisiae , organic chemistry
Cigarette smoke has long been recognized as a major environmental pollutant that can cause significant damage to the cellular macromolecules. Although much is known about the types of damage, little is known about the cellular responses to the stress caused by cigarette smoke. We have used the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe to elucidate the overall cellular responses towards cigarette smoke. Here, we demonstrate that fission yeast cells exposed to aqueous extract of cigarette smoke exhibit cell cycle arrest and cell death in a dose‐dependent manner. Cigarette smoke treatment also results in accumulation of reactive oxygen species, unusual nuclear morphology and altered cellular structure. Our data further establish activation of the S phase checkpoint in cigarette smoke‐exposed Sz. pombe cells. The checkpoint proteins Rad3, Rad26, Rad17, Rad1, Hus1 and Cds1 play key roles in this process, as evidenced by cell survival and biochemical analysis, although another checkpoint protein, Rad9, seems to be less required. Our results also suggest involvement of the stress‐activated protein kinase Spc1/Sty1 and the bZIP transcription factors Atf1 and Pap1 in the cellular response towards cigarette smoke extract. These findings indicate activation of the critical S phase checkpoint and cell cycle arrest in Sz. pomb e following CSE assault. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.