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Posttranscriptional control of X‐chromosome dosage compensation
Author(s) -
Graindorge Antoine,
Militti Cristina,
Gebauer Fátima
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: rna
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.225
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1757-7012
pISSN - 1757-7004
DOI - 10.1002/wrna.75
Subject(s) - dosage compensation , rna , rna splicing , biology , translation (biology) , alternative splicing , microbiology and biotechnology , gene , rna binding protein , genetics , gene expression , messenger rna , computational biology
RNA regulation plays a major role in the generation of diversity at the molecular and cellular levels, and furnishes the cell with flexibility potential to adapt to changing environments. Often, the regulation by/of RNA dictates when, where, and how the information encoded in the nucleus is revealed. One example is the regulation of X‐chromosome dosage compensation. In Drosophila , differences in X‐linked gene dosage between males and females are compensated by the transcriptional upregulation of the single male X chromosome. Mechanisms of alternative splicing and translational control, among others, enforce dosage compensation in males while inhibiting this process in females. In this review, we discuss the posttranscriptional RNA regulatory mechanisms that ensure appropriate dosage compensation in Drosophila , drawing parallels with the mammalian system when appropriate. WIREs RNA 2011 2 534–545 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.75 This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes Translation > Translation Regulation RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development