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One locus with two roles: microRNA‐independent functions of microRNA‐host‐gene locus‐encoded long noncoding RNAs
Author(s) -
Sun Qinyu,
Song You Jin,
Prasanth Kannanganattu V.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: rna
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.225
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1757-7012
pISSN - 1757-7004
DOI - 10.1002/wrna.1625
Subject(s) - biology , microrna , computational biology , effector , biogenesis , genetics , gene , drosha , argonaute , rna interference , long non coding rna , regulation of gene expression , non coding rna , rna , dicer , gene expression , microbiology and biotechnology
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not code for proteins. LncRNAs play crucial regulatory roles in several biological processes via diverse mechanisms and their aberrant expression is associated with various diseases. LncRNA genes are further subcategorized based on their relative organization in the genome. MicroRNA (miRNA)‐host‐gene‐derived lncRNAs (lnc‐ MIRHG s) refer to lncRNAs whose genes also harbor miRNAs. There exists crosstalk between the processing of lnc‐ MIRHG s and the biogenesis of the encoded miRNAs. Although the functions of the encoded miRNAs are usually well understood, whether those lnc‐ MIRHG s play independent functions are not fully elucidated. Here, we review our current understanding of lnc‐ MIRHG s, including their biogenesis, function, and mechanism of action, with a focus on discussing the miRNA‐independent functions of lnc‐ MIRHG s, including their involvement in cancer. Our current understanding of lnc ‐MIRHGs strongly indicates that this class of lncRNAs could play important roles in basic cellular events as well as in diseases. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs