Premium
Cytoplasmic functions of long noncoding RNAs
Author(s) -
Noh Ji Heon,
Kim Kyoung Mi,
McClusky Waverly G.,
Abdelmohsen Kotb,
Gorospe Myriam
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: rna
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.225
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1757-7012
pISSN - 1757-7004
DOI - 10.1002/wrna.1471
Subject(s) - riboswitch , biology , rna , translation (biology) , long non coding rna , rna binding protein , computational biology , non coding rna , rna interference , microbiology and biotechnology , cytoplasm , gene , regulation of gene expression , gene expression , transcription (linguistics) , genetics , messenger rna , linguistics , philosophy
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides found throughout the cell that lack protein‐coding function. Their functions are closely linked to their interaction with RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) and nucleic acids. Nuclear lncRNAs have been studied extensively, revealing complexes with structural and regulatory roles that enable gene organization and control transcription. Cytoplasmic lncRNAs are less well understood, but accumulating evidence indicates that they also form complexes with diverse structural and regulatory functions. Here, we review our current knowledge of cytoplasmic lncRNAs and the different levels of gene regulation controlled by cytoplasmic lncRNA complexes, including mRNA turnover, translation, protein stability, sponging of cytosolic factors, and modulation of signaling pathways. We conclude by discussing areas of future study needed to elucidate comprehensively the biology of lncRNAs, to further understand the impact of lncRNAs on physiology and design lncRNA‐centered therapeutic strategies. This article is categorized under: RNA Export and Localization > RNA Localization Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications