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RNA ‐binding proteins in eye development and disease: implication of conserved RNA granule components
Author(s) -
Dash Soma,
Siddam Archana D.,
Barnum Carrie E.,
Janga Sarath Chandra,
Lachke Salil A.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: rna
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.225
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1757-7012
pISSN - 1757-7004
DOI - 10.1002/wrna.1355
Subject(s) - biology , rna binding protein , eye development , ribonucleoprotein , rna , chromatin , gene expression , genetics , regulation of gene expression , stress granule , gene , computational biology , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription factor , messenger rna , translation (biology)
The molecular biology of metazoan eye development is an area of intense investigation. These efforts have led to the surprising recognition that although insect and vertebrate eyes have dramatically different structures, the orthologs or family members of several conserved transcription and signaling regulators such as Pax6, Six3, Prox1, and Bmp4 are commonly required for their development. In contrast, our understanding of posttranscriptional regulation in eye development and disease, particularly regarding the function of RNA ‐binding proteins ( RBPs ), is limited. We examine the present knowledge of RBPs in eye development in the insect model Drosophila as well as several vertebrate models such as fish, frog, chicken, and mouse. Interestingly, of the 42 RBPs that have been investigated for their expression or function in vertebrate eye development, 24 (~60%) are recognized in eukaryotic cells as components of RNA granules such as processing bodies, stress granules, or other specialized ribonucleoprotein ( RNP ) complexes. We discuss the distinct developmental and cellular events that may necessitate potential RBP / RNA granule‐associated RNA regulon models to facilitate posttranscriptional control of gene expression in eye morphogenesis. In support of these hypotheses, three RBPs and RNP / RNA granule components Tdrd7, Caprin2, and Stau2 are linked to ocular developmental defects such as congenital cataract, Peters anomaly, and microphthalmia in human patients or animal models. We conclude by discussing the utility of interdisciplinary approaches such as the bioinformatics tool iSyTE (integrated Systems Tool for Eye gene discovery) to prioritize RBPs for deriving posttranscriptional regulatory networks in eye development and disease. WIREs RNA 2016, 7:527–557. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1355 This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development