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Means to an end: mechanisms of alternative polyadenylation of messenger RNA precursors
Author(s) -
Gruber Andreas R.,
Martin Georges,
Keller Walter,
Zavolan Mihaela
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: rna
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.225
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1757-7012
pISSN - 1757-7004
DOI - 10.1002/wrna.1206
Subject(s) - polyadenylation , post transcriptional modification , cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor , rna splicing , rna , cleavage factor , cleavage stimulation factor , biology , messenger rna , precursor mrna , directionality , rna binding protein , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription (linguistics) , alternative splicing , genetics , computational biology , gene , linguistics , philosophy
Expression of mature messenger RNA s ( mRNAs ) requires appropriate transcription initiation and termination, as well as pre‐ mRNA processing by capping, splicing, cleavage, and polyadenylation. A core 3′‐end processing complex carries out the cleavage and polyadenylation reactions, but many proteins have been implicated in the selection of polyadenylation sites among the multiple alternatives that eukaryotic genes typically have. In recent years, high‐throughput approaches to map both the 3′‐end processing sites as well as the binding sites of proteins that are involved in the selection of cleavage sites and in the processing reactions have been developed. Here, we review these approaches as well as the insights into the mechanisms of polyadenylation that emerged from genome‐wide studies of polyadenylation across a range of cell types and states. WIREs RNA 2014, 5:183–196. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1206 This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Processing > 3' End Processing RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells