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Image‐guided tumor surgery: will there be a role for fluorescent nanoparticles?
Author(s) -
Hill Tanner K.,
Mohs Aaron M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1939-0041
pISSN - 1939-5116
DOI - 10.1002/wnan.1381
Subject(s) - fluorescence , in vivo , indocyanine green , nanomedicine , fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy , image guided surgery , nanotechnology , ex vivo , biomedical engineering , nanoparticle , medicine , materials science , pathology , radiology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , physics , quantum mechanics
Image‐guided surgery ( IGS ) using fluorescent nanoparticles ( NPs ) has the potential to substantially impact patient treatment. The use of fluorescence imaging provides surgeons with real‐time feedback on the location of diseased tissue using safe, low‐cost imaging agents and instrumentation. Fluorescent NPs are likely to play a role as they are capable of taking advantage of the enhanced permeability and retention ( EPR ) effect and can be modified to avoid clearance, increase circulation time, and specifically target tumors. Clinical trials of IGS using the FDA ‐approved fluorophores indocyanine green and methylene blue have already shown preliminary successes, and incorporation of fluorescent NPs will likely improve detection by providing higher signal to background ratio and reducing false‐positive rates through active targeting. Preclinical development of fluorescent NP formulations is advancing rapidly, with strategies ranging from passive targeting to active targeting of cell surface receptors, creating pH ‐responsive NPs , and increasing cell uptake through cleavable proteins. This collective effort could lead to clinical trials using fluorescent NPs in the near future. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016, 8:498–511. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1381 This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease