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Learning from biology: synthetic lipoproteins for drug delivery
Author(s) -
Huang Huang,
Cruz William,
Chen Juan,
Zheng Gang
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1939-0041
pISSN - 1939-5116
DOI - 10.1002/wnan.1308
Subject(s) - in vivo , nanomedicine , scavenger receptor , drug delivery , ldl receptor , drug discovery , computational biology , nanotechnology , targeted drug delivery , lipoprotein , apolipoprotein b , drug , pharmacology , chemistry , biology , bioinformatics , biochemistry , nanoparticle , cholesterol , materials science , microbiology and biotechnology
Synthetic lipoproteins represent a relevant tool for targeted delivery of biological/chemical agents (chemotherapeutics, siRNAs , photosensitizers, and imaging contrast agents) into various cell types. These nanoparticles offer a number of advantages for drugs delivery over their native counterparts while retaining their natural characteristics and biological functions. Their ultra‐small size (<30 nm), high biocompatibility, favorable circulation half‐life, and natural ability to bind specific lipoprotein receptors, i.e., low‐density lipoprotein receptor ( LDLR ) and Scavenger receptor class B member 1 ( SRB1 ) that are found in a number of pathological conditions (e.g., cancer, atherosclerosis), make them superior delivery strategies when compared with other nanoparticle systems. We review the various approaches that have been developed for the generation of synthetic lipoproteins and their respective applications in vitro and in vivo . More specifically, we summarize the approaches employed to address the limitation on use of reconstituted lipoproteins by means of natural or recombinant apolipoproteins, as well as apolipoprotein mimetic molecules. Finally, we provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches and discuss future perspectives for clinical translation of these nanoparticles. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2015, 7:298–314. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1308 This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease