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Paramagnetic inorganic nanoparticles as T 1 MRI contrast agents
Author(s) -
Lee Soo Hong,
Kim Byung Hyo,
Na Hyon Bin,
Hyeon Taeghwan
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1939-0041
pISSN - 1939-5116
DOI - 10.1002/wnan.1243
Subject(s) - gadolinium , magnetic resonance imaging , in vivo , nanoparticle , contrast (vision) , molecular imaging , mri contrast agent , paramagnetism , nuclear magnetic resonance , chemistry , materials science , nanotechnology , computer science , medicine , biology , physics , radiology , artificial intelligence , microbiology and biotechnology , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics
Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) is one of the most powerful molecular imaging techniques and can noninvasively visualize and quantify biological processes within the living organisms. The introduction of exogenous contrast agents has allowed specific visualization of biological targets as well as enhanced the sensitivity of MRI . Recently, paramagnetic inorganic nanoparticles showing positive T 1 contrast effect have been investigated as T 1 MRI contrast agents. Since the first trials of spherical nanoparticles of manganese oxide and gadolinium oxide, inorganic nanoparticles of various compositions and shapes have been used for in vivo and in vitro MRI because of their distinct signal enhancement in MR images. However, for clinical applications, important and complex issues such as safety and efficiency should be investigated by active research encompassing multiple disciplines, including chemistry, biology, biomedical engineering, and medicine. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging