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Nanoformulations for molecular MRI
Author(s) -
Tu Chuqiao,
Louie Angelique Y.
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
wiley interdisciplinary reviews: nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 72
eISSN - 1939-0041
pISSN - 1939-5116
DOI - 10.1002/wnan.1170
Subject(s) - biodistribution , magnetic resonance imaging , gadolinium , molecular imaging , nanoparticle , materials science , nanotechnology , biomedical engineering , in vivo , medical physics , radiology , medicine , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , metallurgy
Nanoscale contrast agents have shown the ability to increase the detection sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by several orders of magnitude, endowing this traditionally macroscopic modality with the ability to observe unique molecular signatures. Herein, we describe three types of nanoparticulate contrast agents: iron oxide nanoparticles, gadolinium‐based nanoparticles, and bio‐essential manganese, cobalt, nickel, and copper ion‐containing nanoformulations. Some of these agents have been approved for clinical use, but more are still under development for medical imaging. The advantages and disadvantages of each nanoformulation, in terms of intrinsic magnetism, ease of synthesis, biodistribution, etc. are discussed. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:448–457. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1170 This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging