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Application of statistical response surface methodology for optimization of fluoride removal efficiency by Padina sp. alga
Author(s) -
Mohamed Walaa ٍSalah El-Din,
Hamad Mohammed Taha Moustafa Hussien,
Kamel Mahmoud Zaky
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.1002/wer.1305
Subject(s) - fluoride , biosorption , box–behnken design , chemistry , quadratic model , response surface methodology , adsorption , nuclear chemistry , environmental engineering , chromatography , sorption , environmental science , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry
Abstract Human exposure to fluoride in drink water at a level above 1.5 mg/L causes a lot of health problems. The present study was carried out to assess the fluoride biosorption capability of Padina sp. alga as biosorbent material using conventional one‐factor‐at‐a‐time (OFAT) and Box‐Behnken design to optimize the process. By OFAT, fluoride uptake was significantly affected by pH, time, fluoride concentration, and biosorbent dose ( p‐ value < 0.05) and the highest fluoride biosorption (85.95%) was recorded at pH 7, time 60 min, fluoride concentration 2 g/L, and an adsorbent dose 30 g/L. Based on the Box‐Behnken design, the quadratic model was developed to correlate the variables to the response. By Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), the model was statistically significant ( p ‐value < 0.05). It was suggested that optimal values of pH, time, fluoride concentration, and biosorbent dose were 5, 90 min, 3 mg/L, and 30 g/L, respectively, and fluoride removal at these optimum conditions was 94.57%. For application, Padina sp. was removed from 67.79% to 78.78% of fluoride in collected groundwater samples. It was concluded that the Padina sp. could be used as eco‐friendly biosorbent for fluoride and response surface methodology was more applicable and effective in optimization to obtain the highest removal efficiency of fluoride by Padina sp. Practitioner points The fluoride biosorption was studied using Padina sp. alga as an eco‐friendly biosorbent. By one‐factor‐at‐a‐time (OFAT), the highest fluoride biosorption rate was 85.95%. Response surface methodology was suggested that maximum Fluoride removal at optimum condition was 94.57%. Statistical response surface methodology was more applicable, effective in optimization and considered the interaction between factors.